Ms. Rivera has done everything right: she attended the state-mandated Science of Reading (SoR) training and internalized the new, evidence-based curriculum. She is teaching phonics and phonemic awareness.
Yet, as October settles in, she feels a familiar anxiety. She is teaching the “what” of the new laws, but flying blind on the “how” of student progress. While her students chant the ‘silent e’ rule, she doesn’t know who has internalized it. Her only signal is a state test score arriving next summer—an ‘educational autopsy’ arriving too late to help.
This feedback gap exists because we mandated what to teach (SoR 1.0) but failed to build the infrastructure to measure it in real-time (SoR 2.0)
The next phase is not about passing more laws. It is about moving from a proficiency autopsy to learning GPS. It is about building an assessment backbone that says “recalculating” when a student struggles.
The Signal from the Wonkathon
The Thomas B. Fordham Institute’s new Wonkathon 2025 Anthology confirms this anxiety is systemic. Its 48 essays signal that the easy work of passing laws is over; the hard work of building systems has often just begun.
As Kymyona Burk, the architect of Mississippi’s literacy reforms, writes, “Policies lay the groundwork… but do not cause results.” Success requires “intentional conditions for implementation”—specifically, the ‘boots on the ground’ translating policy into practice.
Similarly, Kunjan Narechania and Jessica Baghian analyze the ‘Southern Surge’ states, concluding there were no miracles, only ‘relentless implementation. These states “never stopped measuring and improving.” They built systems where data was a tool for daily improvement.
For Julie Wible and Maureen Mirabito, adopting practices without systems is like ‘buying blueprints and never building the house.”
The foundation of that house is Assessment in the Service of Learning.
Defining SoR 2.0: Assessment as GPS
Our proposal, SoR 2.0, requires a fundamental shift in how we view assessment. We must stop viewing it as an external audit and start viewing it as the internal operating system of instruction.
We introduce the Pedagogical Troika: Assessment, Teaching, and Learning must be integrated. SoR 2.0 reintegrates assessment into the daily teaching loop.
Consider the GPS: It accepts the data (“You are here, not there”) and calculates the immediate next step to get you back on track. This is what teachers need: Assessment as GPS.
This approach draws on the insight of Else Haeussermann, who pioneered asking not ‘How smart is this child?’ (sorting), but ‘How is this child smart?’ (diagnostic).
For decades, this level of personalization was impossible to scale. A teacher with 30 students cannot perform a clinical observation on everyone every day. But today, SAFE AI (Safe, Accountable, Fair, Effective) is beginning to make this vision practical. New tools listen to students’ reading, generating real-time fluency ‘heat maps’ that allow Ms. Rivera to act as clinician, not broadcaster.
The Architecture of Success
- The Marathon: Jenn Vranek and Ila Deshmukh Towery remind us that this work is “a marathon, not a miracle.” Building an assessment system expands capacity for growth.
- Coherence: David Steiner warns against fragmentation. We must connect the K-3 decoding work to the 4-8 knowledge-building work in science, social studies, and the arts.
- Leadership: As Lisa Coons argues, the next phase requires leadership that focuses on “conditions for success.” A balanced assessment system is a primary condition that allows teachers to succeed.
Three Next Moves
For state and district leaders, the path to SoR 2.0 involves three concrete moves:
Move 1: Build the Backbone. Instead of disconnected screeners, design a balanced assessment system connecting screeners to daily instruction. Data must move fast enough to change next week’s lesson plan, not serve as an autopsy.
Move 2: Embrace Implementation Science. As Kata Solow notes, abstract training fails to change practice. Use ‘implementation data’ (are we doing it?) alongside student data (is it working?) to guide coaching resources.”
Move 3: Radical Transparency. Bridget K. Cherry notes that 88% of parents think their child is on track, while only ~30% are. Give parents the GPS coordinates.
The Marathon Continues
Imagine Ms. Rivera in a SoR 2.0 system. Her dashboard groups the three students struggling with ‘silent e’ and suggests a specific lesson. She intervenes that afternoon.
By framing Assessment in the Service of Learning as the “operating system” for this next phase, we can turn slogans into systems. The “Science” of what to teach is instructive; the “Engineering” of how to build the systems is just beginning. We have the blueprints. Let’s build the house.
